What Is Irregular Bleeding?
A typical menstrual cycle lasts between 21 and 35 days, with bleeding lasting anywhere from 2 to 7 days. Irregular bleeding refers to anything that falls outside of that range, including:
- Missing periods or skipping months
- Bleeding between periods
- Very heavy or very light flow
- Periods that come too frequently or not at all
While occasional irregularity is normal—especially during puberty, after pregnancy, or approaching menopause—persistent changes can signal underlying health concerns.
Common Causes of Irregular Periods
- Hormonal Imbalances: Conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, and stress-related disruptions can all affect your hormones and menstrual cycle. Estrogen and progesterone fluctuations are among the most common causes of irregular bleeding.
- Uterine Fibroids or Polyps: These noncancerous growths in the uterus can cause heavy bleeding, prolonged periods, or spotting between periods. They are often diagnosed through a pelvic exam or ultrasound.
- Birth Control or Medication: Hormonal contraceptives, including the pill, IUD, implant, or shot, can change your bleeding pattern. Some medications—like blood thinners or certain antidepressants—may also contribute to menstrual changes.
- Stress and Lifestyle Changes: Significant weight loss or gain, intense exercise, and emotional stress can interfere with the hormone signals that regulate your cycle.
- Perimenopause: In your 40s, fluctuating hormone levels as you approach menopause can lead to skipped periods, spotting, or heavy bleeding.
When Should You See a Doctor?
It’s a good idea to schedule a visit with your gynecologist if you experience:
- Periods that are consistently irregular or absent
- Heavy bleeding that lasts more than 7 days or soaks through multiple pads per hour
- Bleeding between periods or after sex
- Severe cramping or pelvic pain
- Symptoms of anemia, like fatigue or dizziness
Ignoring abnormal bleeding can delay the diagnosis of treatable conditions, including endometriosis, fibroids, thyroid problems, or, in rare cases, gynecologic cancers.
We’re Here to Help
At Cary OB/GYN in North Carolina, our team offers comprehensive evaluations to get to the root of irregular bleeding. Depending on your symptoms, we may recommend lab tests, imaging, or a pelvic exam to determine what’s going on and how to treat it.
You don’t have to live with irregular or confusing periods. We’re here to guide you toward answers and relief. Schedule your appointment with us today.
Further Reading:
ACOG Abnormal uterine bleeding.